an 1890 law that banned the formation of trusts and monopolies in the United States. Standard Oil moved its headquarters to New York City at 26 Broadway, and Rockefeller became a central figure in the city's business community. Bloodied, Rockefeller and Standard were hardly defeated. The octopus has an ink-sac with which it darkens the surrounding water at the approach of danger. Strengthened the movement for outlawing monopolies. Which of the two major political parties picked up the Progressive reform agenda - … A group of women who advocated total abstinence from alcohol and who worked to get laws passed against alcohol. The Chart of the Week is a weekly Visual Capitalist feature on Fridays.. A couple of weeks ago, we published an infographic showing how the list of the most valuable companies in the U.S. has changed drastically over the last 100 years.. Near the top of that list in 1917 is The Standard Oil … During the 1800, there was an idea that the United States should remain a white Protestant nation. What specific evidence supports the statement that "The construction of the transcontinental railroad was disastrous for the Native Americans of the Great Plains"? The most contentious business case at the time to reach the Supreme Court saw the United States government take on the countries largest corporation (Standard Oil) and John D. Rockefeller, the countries wealthiest … The certificates were drawing big quarterly dividends, had a big market value, but were illegal. The Standard Oil Trust effectively eliminated competition. African American progressive who supported segregation and demanded that African American better themselves individually to achieve equality. Its tentacles make a convenient metaphor for a grasping, threatening, strangling force. In 1905, the State of Missouri sued Standard Oil for operating as a monopoly in violation of the state’s antitrust laws. One of the octopus’ tentacles has a hold on the country’s capital. Founded WCTU to outlaw selling/drinking alcohol. The ink-sac of the Standard Oil octopus, the Petroleum Institute, promptly set to work obscuring the atmosphere and preparing for a reversal of policy on the question of government regulation. As a result of all the discrimination there also was the need for reform and advocates some individuals and groups were The National Negro Business League to pormote the business development among African Americans. The company continued to prosper and expand its empire, and, in 1882, all of its properties and those of its affiliates were merged into the Standard Oil Trust, which was, in effect, one huge organization with tremendous power but a murky legal existence. Standard Oil has been characterized as a menacing octopus that devours small oil businesses. Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey v. United States was a Supreme Court case that tested the strength of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890. He had found that, in spite of the order of the court in 1892, 13,593 shares of that company's stock were still outstanding in trust certificates. William Tweed, head of Tammany Hall, NYC's powerful democratic political machine in 1868. A) The Standard Oil Trust was seen as a danger to the traditional American way of life. CREATED/PUBLISHED: N.Y. : J. Ottmann Lith, Co., 1904 Sept. 7. Robber Barons: Rags to Riches. The strike went on for months. The next target is the White House. In the mid-to-late 19th century, windmills on the Great Plains would have been MOST likely to have been used for. Bill Sikes is a fictional criminal from Charles Dickensâ novel Oliver Twist. Of the ones listed here, the factor that had the greatest impact on the eventual destruction of Native Americans' ways of life was the development of the, "Hear me, my chiefs! The amendment was the culmination of the women's suffrage movement in the U.S. shipped oil, refined oil, shipped refined products to market, controlled sale of product). 1904 Standard Oil Octopus At the beginning of the 20 th century, Standard Oil was the world’s largest corporation; it was also the first multinational corporation – until the U.S. Supreme Court dismantled it in 1911, as part of anti-monopoly wave that had commenced with the Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890 . On thinglink.com, edit images, videos and 360 photos in one place. Publisher. Summary. Standard Oil Co. was an American oil-producing, transporting, refining, and marketing company.Established in 1870 by John D. Rockefeller and Henry Flagler as a corporation in Ohio, it was the largest oil refiner in the world at its height. Its tentacles make a convenient metaphor for a grasping, threatening, strangling force. What might be considered an example of a “ruthless business tactic”? Born in Pennsylvania at the onset of the Immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe, The "New Immigration" to the United States in the late-nineteenth century refers to the increased numbers of people arriving from. Because if the company puts prices high there is no one else to buy from. Under unfettered capitalism, so goes the familiar refrain, large firms would systematically devour smaller ones, corner markets, and stamp out competition until every inhabitant of the land fell victim to their power. Tarbell's "History of the Standard Oil Company" It is an exposé about the Standard Oil Company, run at the time by oil tycoon John D. Rockefeller, the richest figure in American history. He controlled major city officials , in the police, courts, and newspapers. In the late 1800s, the federal government attempted to place all Plains Indians on reservations, most of which were located in which state. Name: Emily Jay The “” is the nickname given to the late 19th century when wealthy and powerful business tycoons built huge financial em Rockefeller created the Standard Oil Company in 1870 and over the next 40 years eliminated nearly all competition. Opposed Booker T. Washington. The Standard Oil Trust was seen as a monopoly that influenced government and other industries. The Standard Oil Company was often depicted by critics as an octopus because of the way they eliminated competition. B) The Standard Oil Trust killed many different types of wildlife with its drilling practices. Corporate power is often depicted in the image of a monster in late 19th century cartoons. An act that established the principle of employment on the basis of merit and created the Civil Service Commission that created standards, examinations for different job positions. By 1868, Rockefeller owned the largest oil refinery in the world, and by 1877, Rockefeller controlled 90% of the nation's oil production. In Keppler's 1904 drawing, the Standard Oil monopoly ensnares other industries as well as our political leadership. Theodore Roosevelt, seeking election on his own right after succeeding McKinley, was opposed by the Democratic nominee, Alton B. Parker, Chief Judge of the New York Court of … Its history as one of the world's first and largest multinational corporations ended in 1911, when the U.S. Supreme Court ruled, in a … It depicts "Standard Oil" as a great octopus spread out across the U.S., having strangled state capitals and the Congress in Washington, reaching out "Next" in an effort to seize the White House. View the interactive image by Sian. What took place at Promontory Point, Utah in 1869? Today’sExxonMobil This cartoon was published in 1904 during Teddy Roosevelt's presidency. 1906 - Forbade the manufacture or sale of mislabeled or adulterated food or drugs, it gave the government broad powers to ensure the safety and efficacy of drugs in order to abolish the "patent" drug trade. The octopus has long been a useful symbol for cartoon- ists. Due to construction of the transcontinental railroad, immigration to the western United States during the 19th Century PRIMARILY involved workers from, The most significant obstacle in building the Transcontinental Railroad was, Crossing the Sierra Nevada Range and the Rocky Mountains. In 1911, the United States Supreme Court eventually ruled in this case that Standard Oil was a trust and had to cease to exist. A. Not all political cartoons can be found in color, so this political cartoon, found in Puck magazine on September 7, 1904 and done by Udo Keppler, is one that caught my eye immediately while researching robber barons and captains of industry of the late 1800s/early 1900s. The most famous octopus cartoon must be this 1904 depiction of John Rockefeller’s Standard Oil. There were also foreigners who were discriminated in workplaces, school, and landlords because of the ethinic origin. A) The Standard Oil Trust was seen as a danger to the traditional American way of life. The History of the Standard Oil Company was credited with hastening the breakup of Standard Oil, which came about in 1911. I am tired. As a result, their culture changed. In 1882, Rockefeller established the Standard Oil Trust (his Oil Combination was made "legal"), which was designed to determine (fix) prices in the industry. Bill Sikes is a fictional criminal from Charles Dickens’ novel Oliver Twist Do you need help with your Standard Oil has been characterized as a menacing octopus that devours small oil businesses. Standard Oil Co. Inc. It was considered to be a monpoly that harmed many small oil companies and dominated the oil industry for many years. The author who wrote a book about the horrors of food productions in 1906, the bad quality of meat and the dangerous working conditions. The Evolution of Standard Oil Rockefeller’s juggernaut was split into 34 companies. Why was Chief Joseph attempting to lead his followers into Canada in 1877? Learn with flashcards, games, and more — for free. 1) What is the octopus representing? Competition. Collection. For example the Chinese with the Chinese Exclusion Act. In 1870, the company was renamed Standard Oil Company, after which Rockefeller decided to buy up all the other competition and form them into one large company. She was married to an abusive man that she killed with an axe and she didn't get punished for it. famous series of articles on Standard Oil, mostly critiquing the company's ruthless practices. Creator. The tenements and how the poor lived. O. H. Payne and J. Joseph Ferdinand Keppler, “Next!,” depicting Standard Oil as an octopus expanding across the United States, strangling state capitals and Congress (1904), … Look at the cartoon below. Ida Minerva Tarbell, a "muckraker" activist, wrote in 1904 "The History of the Standard Oil Company," detailing its unfair practices. Wickersham, attorney general of the United States, on behalf of the United States. Standard Oil has been characterized as a menacing octopus that devours small oil businesses. The Court found that Standard was an illegal monopoly and ordered it broken into 34 separate companies. What was the MAIN reason for this? The ink-sac of the Standard Oil octopus, the Petroleum Institute, promptly set to work obscuring the atmosphere and preparing for a reversal of policy on the question of government regulation. It began a quality rating system as well as increased the sanitation requirements for meat producers. Four years later, Standard Oil offered a novel proposal to the State of Missouri that it form a partnership with Standard Oil to administer the company’s three subsidiaries in Missouri. The most contentious business case at the time to reach the Supreme Court saw the United States government take on the countries largest corporation (Standard Oil) and John D. Rockefeller, the countries wealthiest businessman. It was called an octopus because Standard Oil controlled every aspect of oil production, refining and shipment, and tried to prevent others from competing. Help. 1887 law passed to regulate railroad and other interstate businesses. Still in existence as the FDA. In Keppler's 1904 drawing, the Standard Oil monopoly ensnares other industries as well as our political leadership. Economic policy by Roosevelt that favored fair relationships between companies and workers.The square deal was the idea of fair and equal treatment for all. Discrimination is the unequal treatment due to someone's race, religion, ethnic background, or place of birth. The Octopus is a fish that can be found during Summer in the ocean and (more rarely) in Garbage Cans. The octopus has long been a useful symbol for cartoon- ists. Like the John Brown's Legacy assessment, this question gauges students' ability to evaluate the relevance of contextual information for determining the motivations of an author. "Robber Barons" and "Captains of Industry". B) The Standard Oil Trust killed many different types of wildlife with its drilling practices. Then there were Orden Hijos de America that worked for equality and raised awareness of Mexican American Rights as the U. S. citizens. One of the arms of the octopus are seemingly grabbing at the U.S. Capitol Building, symbolizing the stranglehold Rockefeller had on Congress during this time period. Ratified on August 18, 1920 (drafted by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton), prohibits any United States citizen from being denied the right to vote on the basis of sex. It can randomly rotate into daily stock at the Traveling Cart for 450-1,000g during any season. A group of investigative reporters who pointed out the abuses of big business and the corruption of urban politics; included Frank Norris (The Octopus) Ida Tarbell (A history of the standard oil company) Lincoln Steffens (the shame of the cities) and Upton Sinclair (The Jungle) In November 1906, his administration brought a massive antitrust suit against Standard Oil under the Sherman Act of 1890. His most popular work, How the Other Half Lives, became a pivotal work that precipitated much needed reforms in the slums of New York. This controversial event in Chicago (1886) resulted in seven police and four protester fatalities, as well greatly discrediting the union movement. It can also be caught in the deep-sea submarine ride at the Night Market (≈2% chance). Why was the Standard Oil Trust MOST likely pictured as an octopus with many tentacles in the cartoon? View Standard Oil .docx from ECON 1740 at Salt Lake Community College. One result largely attributable to Tarbell’s work was a Supreme Court decision in 1911 that found Standard Oil in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act. Wanted social and political integration as well as higher education for 10% of African Americans-what he called a "Talented Tenth". They had to change to survive in a new place. How does the nursery rhyme characterize Standard Oil? 1. Those sentiments caused non-Protestant, non-native residents to be treated poorly and unfairly. Founder of the Niagara Movement which led to the creation of the NAACP. Look at the cartoon below. What is the main idea of the cartoon (The Standard Oil Octopus) Business can turn into monsters. The law required railroads to charge reasonable and fair rates and to advertise them. Ida Minerva Tarbell (November 5, 1857 – January 6, 1944) was an American writer, investigative journalist, biographer and lecturer. Udo J Keppler. He supported various government regulations on big industries. While Ohio won the case, Standard Oil appealed the decision. force Native American Indians to give up their traditional cultures. (New York, Standard Oil Co. (N.J.), 1952), by Charles Sterling Popple (page images at HathiTrust) Standard oil company of New Jersey et al., appellants, v. United States of America, appellee. Fraternal orders and mutual aid societies often chose their members based on, The Pullman Strike of 1894 was ended when. Helen Hunt Jackson's A Century of Dishonor chronicled the injustices inflicted upon which group of people? More than 100,000 employees that worked as Pennsylvanian Coal miners went on strike. A muckraker novel. Standard Oil Trust. an example could be cheating someone out of a deal. What Supreme Court decision was a direct result of the Pullman Strike? Sign up. MEDIUM: 1 print (2 pages) : lithograph, color. They went on strike because they demanded a better pay, 8 hour work day, and the union to have a right to represent its members during discussion with mine owners. The government won in the trial court, and in May 1911, the Supreme Court upheld the trial court's decision and ordered Standard Oil dissolved. Notice that its arms are wrapped around not just the United States Congress and a state house but also the cooper, steel and shipping industries. It would seem strange that a certificate which was void to all purpose would still be valid as to taxable purposes. The Standard Oil Trust is an unlawful organisation, said the court. nationalhumanitiescenter.org/pds/gilded/power/text2/text2read.htm Roosevelt decided to step in and invited the representative of the. The Constitution allows the states to determine the qualifications for voting, and until the 1910's most states disenfranchised women. They were members of the United Mine Workers. Date. Cheating someone out of a In order to help expand railroads throughout the country after the Civil War, Congress. Amendment to the United States Constitution (1913) gave Congress the power to tax income. View Standard Oil Octopus Worksheet-converted.pdf from HISTORY 17406 at Chuckey Doak High School. Huge companies that control all or the majority of a certain industry (steel, oil, railroads) from buying up competition or driving them out of business. Udo J. Keppler (April 4, 1872 – July 4, 1956), known from 1894 as Joseph Keppler Jr., was an American political cartoonist, publisher, and Native American advocate.The son of cartoonist Joseph Keppler (1838–1894), who founded … Name: Emily Jay The “” is the nickname given to the late 19th century when wealthy and powerful business tycoons built huge financial em Rockefeller created the Standard Oil Company in 1870 and over the next 40 years eliminated nearly all competition. 26th president, known for: being a progressive, conservationism, trust-busting, Hepburn Act, safe food regulations, "Square Deal," Panama Canal, Great White Fleet, Nobel Peace Prize for negotiation of peace in Russo-Japanese War, Established the direct election of senators (instead of being chosen by state legislatures). Standard Oil was the Students with a strong understanding of contextualization will be able to explain how … Standard Oil adapted by developing a European presence, expanding into natural gas production in the U.S., and then producing gasoline for automobiles, which until then had been considered a waste product. the Federal government issued an injunction to end it. Ida Tarbell, History of the Standard Oil Company. The Standard Oil Octopus is an example of the control that monopolies had over the economy and the government. a market structure where large companies controlled the prices of the industry. It has frequently been stated that the South Improvement Company represented the bulk of the oil-refining interests in the country. Why is a monopoly harmful to American consumers? What might be considered an example of a “ruthless business tactic”? Favorite Answer An octopus has many arms (tentacles) and standard oil had many arms (produced oil. ", Born into the Bedonkohe band of the Apache in modern day New Mexico, America's westward expansion following the Civil War often resulted in conflict between. This political cartoon depicts John D. Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Company as a suffocating octopus. Students with a strong understanding of contextualization will be able to explain how … Here was an anomaly indeed. People who were un qualified would get jobs. As part of an antitrust modernization effort, today, in a federal court in Saint Louis, the Justice Department asked the court to terminate the decree which broke up Standard Oil. What might be considered an example of a “ruthless business tactic”? This It was first used to break up union strikes. Example: Responsible for the construction of the NY court house; actual construction cost $3million. The octopus is a persistent trope in persuasive cartography. Its tentacles make a convenient metaphor for a grasping, threatening, strangling force. The octopus has long been a useful symbol for cartoon- ists. Which group of immigrants poured into the United States between 1890 and 1920? Explore content created by others. She was one of the leading muckrakers of the Progressive Era of the late 19th and early 20th centuries and pioneered investigative journalism. Illustration (by Udo J Keppler) shows a 'Standard Oil' storage tank as an octopus with many tentacles wrapped around the steel, copper, and shipping industries, as well as a state house, the US Capitol, and one tentacle reaching for the White House, September 7, 1904. 1. This political cartoon drawn during the Gilded Age depicts Standard Oil as an octopus which uses unscrupulous business methods to put the competition out of business. Between the lines StandardOilwasoneof theworld'sfirstandlargest multinationalcorporations untilitwasbrokenupbythe SupremeCourtin1911. To show how is the Standard Oil business is growing. Summary. Brianna Rodriguez Econ 1740 March 23, 2020 Standard Oil The Octopus octopus shows that it … The mine owners were not willing to negotiate these terms with the workers. Although Mr. Monnett had added to his knowledge of the Standard's operations between 1892 and 1898, he was not yet convinced that the Standard Oil Company of Ohio was conducting its own business. The Society of American Indians sought to see improving the living conditions and seek justice for Native Americans. Saudi Aramco has both the world's second-largest proven crude oil … View IMG_7431 - Copy.jpg from HIST 2112 at University of North Georgia, Dahlonega. He wanted to prevent being placed onto a reservation. SUMMARY: Political cartoon showing a Standard Oil tank as an octopus with many tentacles wrapped around the steel, copper, and shipping industries, as well as a state house, the U.S. Capitol, and one tentacle reaching for the White House. eliminating problems caused by industrialization, urbanization, immigration, and corruption in government. It showed how it had its arms wrapped around many businesses and strangling them. huge corporation structures that controlled entire industries or areas of the economy oil, steel, meat packing etc. the image of the OCTOPUS: six cartoons, 1882-1909* Nob Hill (neighbor-hood of the San Francisco powered elite) The Bancroft Library ... Four years later, Standard Oil offered a novel proposal to the State of Missouri that it form a partnership with Standard Oil to administer the company’s three subsidiaries in Missouri. In 1892, Ohio's attorney general filed suit against Rockefeller and his company. View Standard Oil Octopus Worksheet-converted.pdf from HISTORY 17406 at Chuckey Doak High School. Its certificates have no validity. Project cost tax payers $13million. an example could be cheating someone out of a deal. It was the first of the great corporate trusts. Standard Oil Trust. She formed a group that walked into bars with axes. STANDARD OIL COMPANY. What might be considered an example of a “ruthless business tactic”? Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey v. United States was a Supreme Court case that tested the strength of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890. The History of the Standard Oil Company is a 1904 book by journalist Ida Tarbell.It is an exposé about the Standard Oil Company, run at the time by oil tycoon John D. Rockefeller, the richest figure in American history.Originally serialized in nineteen parts in McClure's magazine, the book is a seminal example of muckraking, and inspired many other journalists to write … Students must select 2 facts and explain how they shed light on Keppler's depiction of Standard Oil in his 1904 cartoon. The origins of the Standard Oil Company date from 1863 when John D. Rockefeller (1839 – 1937), son of a modest businessman, and two others purchased a refinery in Cleveland, Ohio.Rockefeller foresaw the potential of refining Pennsylvania crude oil, which would revolutionize the way people lighted their homes, fueled their vehicles, and powered their … Spoke powerfully in favor of suffrage, worked as a school principal and a reporter ., became head of the National American Woman Suffrage, an inspiried speaker and abrilliant organizer. September 7, 1904. His photography helped capture the hardships faced by the poor. For b 1. Standard Oil Company (New Jersey) in World War II. Add text, web link, video & audio hotspots on top of your image and 360 content. Why was the Standard Oil Trust MOST likely pictured as an octopus with many tentacles in the cartoon? Anti-Catholic woman formed the American Protective Association in 1887 that these religious groups were threatening the American way of life. In other words, a monopoly. is a powerful organization linked to political parties that control local government in many cities, powerful politician who controls work done locally and demands payoffs from businesses. From where the sun now stands I will fight no more forever. Early 1900's muckraking writer/photographer who exposed social and political evils in the U.S. For b 1. Whereas formerly the Institute had demanded “hands off” the industry, it now clamored, still under the slogan of “conservation”, for the curtailment of oil production. In the 1880s, the federal government of the United States forced Native Americans to give up their land. a. Between 1868 and 1869 he led the Tweed Reign, a group of corrupt politicians in defrauding the city. 1904 Standard Oil Octopus At the beginning of the 20 th century, Standard Oil was the world’s largest corporation; it was also the first multinational corporation – until the U.S. Supreme Court dismantled it in 1911, as part of anti-monopoly wave that had commenced with the Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890 . Nickname for Teddy Roosevelt because of his actions against monopolies including the breaking up of Rockefeller's Standard Oil Company and the Northern ... (The Octopus) Ida Tarbell (A history of the standard oil company) Lincoln Steffens (the shame of the ... Quizlet Live. Standard Oil, U.S. company and corporate trust that from 1870 to 1911 was the industrial empire of John D. Rockefeller and associates, controlling almost all oil production, processing, marketing, and transportation in the United States. Based on this excerpt from the Dawes Severalty Act, United States domestic policy toward Native Americans in the late 1800s made an attempt to. Which of these would have had the LEAST effect on late nineteenth century American industrialization? This 1904 book exposed the monpolistic practices of the Standard Oil Company. The deal required a considerable amount of government regulation on business.